Ultrasound-assistance one-pot synthesis of 1,2,4,5-Tetrasubstituted Imidazole derivatives and their in vitro anti-urolithiasis activities

Abstract

This study has focused on the evaluation of in vitro anti-urolithiasis properties of the novel prepared imidazole derivatives. A new series of seven imidazole derivatives (5a-5g) were prepared using a simple, multi-component, one-pot method via a cyclocondensation reaction of 1,2-diketones, primary aromatic amines, aryl aldehydes, and ammonium acetate in the presence of sulfuric acid as a catalyst. The reactions in traditional heating conditions were compared with ultrasound-irradiation reactions. As an effective technique for green synthetics, ultrasound synthesis is being employed increasingly to accelerate organic reactions. In comparison to traditional methods, ultrasonication has better yields, faster reaction times, higher selectivity, and fewer side effects. The all-synthesized compounds were identified using melting point, elemental analysis (C.H.N) and various spectral analyses such as FTIR, NMR and mass spectra. Some of the prepared compounds 5a,5b,5f and fg were then tested for anti-urolithiasis inhibitory properties via nucleation and aggregation assays. The inhibitory activity was measured using an Elisa microplate reader at λ = 620 nm, the results of which showed that compounds 5a and 5g have good inhibitory activity in the nucleation assay, while compound 5a has good inhibitory activity in the aggregation assay compared with the cystone as a positive standard.