Ultrasound irradiation and green synthesized CuO-NiO-ZnO mixed metal oxide: An efficient sono/nano-catalytic system toward a regioselective synthesis of 1-aryl-5-amino-1H-tetrazoles

Abstract

An efficient approach has been reported that 1-aryl-5-amino-1H-tetrazoles are prepared from structurally diverse N-arylcyanamides and sodium azide using sono/nano-catalytic system. The mixed metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) (CuO, NiO, and ZnO NPs) were prepared with utilizing aqueous leaves extracts of the Rheum ribes. In this study, the effect of the reaction condition was investigated on the catalytic activity and selectivity of mixed metal oxide NPs for the synthesis of aminotetrazole derivatives. In this regard, various reaction conditions were precisely compared such as reflux and ultrasonication (US). In this study, the regioselective synthesis of 1-aryl-5-amino-1H-tetrazoles with high yield was achieved by the synergistic effect between US irradiation and prepared nanocatalyst which showed the potential of sono/nano-catalytic system in organic synthesis. Furthermore, the as-prepared nanocatalyst could be reused and recovered from the reaction mixture for several times without consequential abate in its catalytic activity and selectivity.