Abstract
The process of carburizing is well-studied and is one of the traditional processes of the thermochemical treatment of steel. The process has disadvantages such as high energy consumption, long exposure time, complicated processing of large products and surfaces. Electrospark deposition with a carbon electrode is proposed as an alternative process. The carburizing extent and the working layer depth can be increased when the process is used in the ultrasonic vibration field. A resonant vibration introducing circuit with a standing wave generated in the specimen tested is implemented to identify the influence of specific ultrasonic wave areas on the hardened layer formed. The highest carbon saturation of the surface layer was found in the standing ultrasonic wave oscillation node area, where cyclic stretching and compression of the medium contribute to the excess phases release. The carbon in the martensite estimated by the c/a ratio was 0.78% by weight. The highest cementite layer depth and transition zone size are in the ultrasonic wave antinode area, where the highest dynamic medium particles displacement is observed under the influence of vibrations. It is shown that the base metal structure component dispersiveness is responsible for the increased hardened layer depth.
Highlights
Carburizing is commercially used to increase the hardness and wear resistance of the surface while retaining their core toughness [1]
They are based on the electrospark deposition process (EDP) (Figure 1) whereby the spark discharge destroys the anode and its erosion materials transfer to the cathode [15, 16]
The resonant circuit used in the experiment made possible to determine the influence of the representative areas of the standing ultrasonic wave on the cementite layer qualities
Summary
Carburizing is commercially used to increase the hardness and wear resistance of the surface while retaining their core toughness [1]. Thermochemical treatment of large parts and forming tools [9] is highly complicated in terms of technology. Recent attempts to obtain a cementite layer on the surface of parts use a spark discharge [10 to 14]. They are based on the electrospark deposition process (EDP) (Figure 1) whereby the spark discharge destroys the anode and its erosion materials transfer to the cathode (a part under treatment) [15, 16]. The high discharge temperature causes the electrode material particles to melt and partially evaporate. The material vapors expand and remove from the surface the particles of the anode, which passes through the gas medium, penetrates the cathode and generates a hardened layer.
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