Abstract
An ultrasound-assisted method was used to prepare gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3)-zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF)-8 nanocomposites. The surface morphology, particle size, and properties of the Gd2O3-ZIF-8 nanocomposites were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy. The synthesized Gd2O3-ZIF-8 nanocomposites were used as a catalyst to degrade methyl orange (MO) under UV light irradiation at 254 nm. The color of the aqueous MO dye solution during photocatalytic degradation was examined using color spectroscopy. Response surface methodology (RSM) using a four-factor Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to design the experiments and optimize the photocatalytic degradation of MO. The significance of the experimental factors and their interactions were determined using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The efficiency of Gd2O3-ZIF-8 nanocomposites for the photocatalytic degradation of MO reached 98.05% within 40 min under UV irradiation at 254 nm under the experimental conditions of pH 3.3, 0.4 g/L catalyst dose, 0.0630 mM MO concentration, and 431.79 mg/L H2O2 concentration. The kinetics study showed that the MO photocatalytic degradation followed a pseudo-first-order reaction rate law.
Highlights
Azo dyes make up more than half of the dyes produced globally, and anthraquinone dyes can be found abundantly [1]
The characteristic peaks of Gd2 O3 nanowires and ZiF-8 could be found in Gd2 O3 -ZiF-8 nanocomposites
The X-ray diffraction (XRD) peak values of zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF)-8 were observed at 2θ = 7.30◦, 10.37◦, 12.70◦, 14.60◦, 16.43◦, 18.08◦, and
Summary
Azo dyes make up more than half of the dyes produced globally, and anthraquinone dyes can be found abundantly [1]. Organic dyes are commonly released into wastewater. These dyes are hazardous to the environment if they are not destroyed and cause serious pollution [2]. It is necessary to degrade such organic dye pollutants [3]. According to their raw materials, process principles, and pollutant characteristics, dye wastewater treatment methods can be classified into various categories, which include physical adsorption, membrane separation, biodegradation, electrochemical treatment, and photocatalysis [3]. The use of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) is a major pathway for the near-ambient degradation of wastewater pollutants because the waste water pollutants can be degraded almost completely [4]
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