Abstract
Ultrasound and cytological diagnostics of thyroid - its proper application in case of coexisting disturbing clinical signs and symptoms, suggestive of active proliferative lesion
Highlights
23-24 May 2014Publication of this supplement was funded by the Polish Thyroid Association. The Supplement Editors declare that they have no competing interests
The most important clinical issue for a practicing endocrinologist is to answer the question whether the detection of a thyroid nodule/nodules during physical examination or thyroid focal lesion/lesions in the ultrasound (US) scan provides the basis for referring the patient for surgery
Of importance is information on inherited diseases, with particular stress on multiple endocrine neoplasia 2A and 2B (MEN 2A and 2B), familial medullary thyroid carcinoma (FMTC) or familial non-MTC (FNMTC) in 1st degree relatives, as well as history of neck, head, chest or whole body irradiation - especially if it relates to the childhood
Summary
Publication of this supplement was funded by the Polish Thyroid Association. The Supplement Editors declare that they have no competing interests. - the presence of increased irregular chaotic central blood flows; this group includes hypoechoic lesions when accompanied by a total absence of blood flow; in contrast to the peripheral, subcapsular blood flow (suggesting benign lesions); Echogenicity. Simultaneous visualization of even a few suspicious US features, as well as demonstration of enlarged cervical lymph nodes, together with observations of changes with time of thyroid lesions and of lymph nodes, can only bring us closer to a final diagnosis. "standing egg” or “taller-than-wide” shape - on transverse or longitudinal planes - can much more likely be related to the presence of malignancy [4]. This feature is estimated to be present in approximately 90% malignant cases [5]. The principle of assessment is to add points, which will allow classification of the lesions to particular groups of a different risk of malignancy (Table 2)
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