Abstract
Viscous liquid causes a loss of acoustic energy for acoustic wave propagation through the liquid. From an acoustical point of view, Glycerin being Newtonian is a more complex medium as it is heterogeneous, anisotropic and viscoelastic. Non-Newtonian liquids like PEG-SiO2, DMF-SiO2 solutions show shear-dependent nonlinear Viscosity. Apparent molar adiabatic compressibility ( ), as well as bulk moduli (K) and apparent molar volumes ( ) of different glycerin-water solutions, are evaluated in the present investigation. At the lower concentration region for glycerin-water solutions apparent molar adiabatic compressibility ( ) varies linearly with the independent variable either molality or m1/2. The pulse-echo method has been followed to measure attenuation coefficient and sound velocity in these liquids at room temperature. This sound velocity has been compared with the measurement from high precision density and velocity meter (Anton Paar DSA 5000 M for the same temperature. The measurement technique has been reported to quantify adiabatic compressibility as 10% glycerin in water was found to be 41.1×10-11 Pa-1 (K=2.43GPa) including 1.86dB/cm/MHz of attenuation, less compared to pure water but the ultrasonic absorption coefficient (μa ≈ 0.53) of 10% glycerin in water is nearer to pure water whereas the Non-Newtonian fluids show higher attenuation (>3dB/cm) and higher absorption (μa≈0.6).
Highlights
Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids are separated due to their viscosity behavior as a function of shear rate, stress, deformation history
Each layer of the fluid tends to slow down the displacement of the adjacent layers, causing the damping of the wave as it penetrates into the fluid
In these samples, which are Non-Newtonian viscous fluid contains a polymer along with very small molecular particles and Silica of diameter ~0.3micron. While passing through these solutions the ultrasonic waves loses its energy in two ways- one, to propagate through this solution the sound wave has to work to produce mechanical vibrations on those large chains of Cellulose or Starch polymers, Second, while travelling through this chemical the sound wave is scattered by the silica micro-particles
Summary
Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids are separated due to their viscosity behavior as a function of shear rate, stress, deformation history. Viscosities, the adiabatic compressibility of any fluid is of great use in characterizing the structure and behavior of a fluid that is Newtonian or non-Newtonian in nature [1,2,3]. The acoustic properties of a viscous medium (sound velocity and sound absorption) [4,5,6,7,8] contain unique microscopic information that cannot be obtained by other methods. Among the various acoustic properties measurement techniques, pulse-echo testing (PE) is an interesting engineering tool because of its wide range of capabilities, ease of use and an absence of damage to the system or material under study. Many important physical properties of the fluids may be to obtain
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