Ultra-light polymer-based nano-composite for structural applications

Abstract

Reduced cost and mass scale production of nano-composites in the future can provide economic feasibility for realizing their applications. In this work the effect of both synthetic filler graphene (GA) and organic filler henquen fiber (HF) infused in polymer matrix to study mainly the strength aspects for intended structural applications is carried out. This work also aims at determining the effect of nano and micro level reinforcement offered by graphene and HF as individual and combination in modifying the strength aspects for intended structural application. The addition of HF in the control beams was varied from 0.5 to 1% by weight of polymer matrix keeping graphene proportion constant. Dispersion of graphene was carried out by ultrasonic energy. Modified beams were subjected to tensile test to determine the efficacy of the reinforcement. These outcomes were then compared with the plain polymer beams. This study also aims at determining the best combination between these two fillers that leads to optimized mechanical performance. In order to enhance strength of the modified beams an effort was also made to treat natural fibers with alkaline and potassium permanganate treatment as individual and combination. Among the surfactant coatings made the fibers treated with both alkaline and permanganate treatment has shown enhanced results. An increase in the ultimate strength of the composite with a value of 27.13 N/mm2 for 0.5% natural fiber by weight of epoxy resin was noted. An increase in ultimate strength by 74% for graphene filler reinforcement when compared to plane epoxy was recorded. Similarly an increase in strength by 67% was observed when optimized proportions of HF and Graphene were used as reinforcements in holding matrix when compared to plain epoxy samples. Scanning Electron Microscopy was conducted to study the dispersion of these micro and nano fillers in the holding matrix at different proportions.