Abstract
We propose a tunable magnetic fluid-filled hybrid photonic crystal fiber mode converter. Innovative design principles based on the hybrid connected dual-core photonic crystal fiber and magnetically modulated optical properties of magnetic fluid are developed and numerically verified. The mode converter was designed to convert LP11 in the index-guiding core to the LP01 mode in the photonic bandgap-guiding core. By introducing the magnetic fluid into the air-hole located at the center of the photonic bandgap-guiding core, the mode converter can realize a high coupling efficiency and an ultra-wide bandwidth. The coupling efficiency can reach up to 99.9%. At a fixed fiber length, by adjusting the strength of the magnetic field, the coupling efficiency can reach up to 90% and 95% at wavelengths in the ranges of 1.33 µm–1.85 µm and 1.38 µm–1.75 µm, with bandwidth values reaching 0.52 µm and 0.37 µm, respectively. Moreover, it has a good manufacturing flexibility. The mode converter can be used to implement wideband mode-division multiplexing of few-mode optical fiber for high-capacity telecommunications.
Highlights
Since photonic crystal fiber (PCF) shows excellent optical properties, such as controllable birefringence, flexible dispersion, etc. [1,2,3], they have been receiving growing scientific and industrial interest [4,5,6]
The operation of the proposed hybrid PCF mode converter is based on power transfer between the photonic bandgap (PBG)-guiding core and the index-guiding core mode
The design is based on a connected dual-core PCF, and shares properties of both the PBG-guiding and the index-guiding mechanisms
Summary
Since photonic crystal fiber (PCF) shows excellent optical properties, such as controllable birefringence, flexible dispersion, etc. [1,2,3], they have been receiving growing scientific and industrial interest [4,5,6]. The PCF mode converter is a promising solution for realizing a wide bandwidth, low dependent loss, and high extinction ratio. In other words, it is a promising candidate for a high-performance mode converter. PCF and hybrid dual-core PCF mode converter to realize broadband and low-loss devices [26,27]. These mode converters still show relatively narrow bandwidth. The calculation is based on a finite difference beam propagation method (BPM), and a numerical calculation is carried out on this mode converter to determine the parameters that affect the mode conversion The performance of such a mode converter is expected to be insensitive to parameters. It is relatively easy to manipulate, and has been used to fabricate such a mode converter
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