Abstract
National arts and crafts are not only the skills of an individual nation but an ethnic phenomenon that has unique features and serves as a source of information on national history and culture. Decorative and applied art in Ukraine combines the traditions and techniques of manufacturing and decoration, which have been developed and passed down from generation to generation. It has a clear national identity and numerous regional differences in ornamental motifs, compositions and favourite colours. Therefore, the Ukrainian folk art has a significant potential and is a source of ideas in creating modern clothing as well as interior items. Embroidery as a way of creating ornamental motifs on a textile material using various techniques is a common process for decorating clothes and interiors for the Ukrainians. Today, ornamental compositions of embroidered folk textiles could be transmitted into modern clothes using various technologies. However, the use of a knitting machine allows creating a pattern during the item production. The ornament transformation into a pattern for knitting can be carried out with graphic software by creating a grid with a cell size similar to the loop size of a knitted structure for corresponding interlooping. A number of clothing and interior items with ethnic motifs was created using the capabilities of flat knitting machines within the masters programme “Knitting Technology and Design” at the Textile Technology and Design Department of the Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design.
Highlights
In the modern world, where cultural peculiarities of different nations and regions are smoothed out, the issues of reviving and developing the best national traditions are especially relevant
The Ukrainian folk textile heritage is an important part of the best national traditions, the art of individual regions of the country that contains various ideas aimed at preserving the national identity [77]
All knitted fabrics were produced on a 5-gauge flat knitting machine Brother, the technological capabilities of which allow making a pattern in a certain place of a product. 31 × 2 × 2 tex half wool yarn was used for jacquard knitting, 29 × 2 × 3 tex cotton yarn for openwork and interlooping with miss knit wales, Figure 4: Knitted clothes in ethnic style in 1970s while 29 × 2 × 3 tex cotton yarn as plated and 40 tex polyester yarn as ground were used for plated interlooping
Summary
In the modern world, where cultural peculiarities of different nations and regions are smoothed out, the issues of reviving and developing the best national traditions are especially relevant. The variety of forms and imaging, the expediency of constructive and compositional solutions, the decor uniqueness, and the inseparable connection of these remain an inexhaustible source of creative ideas This is the reason for fashion designers to constantly refer to the Ukrainian folk art for innovative ideas or a source of inspiration [10, 11]. The ethnic Ukrainian houses have been decorated with embroidered towels and pillowcases, patterned carpets, paintings on the walls and furniture, etc Such samples of national crafts create a wide field of activity for a designer in their introduction into the modern residential interior [14]. The Ukrainian ethnic elements, which have been improved over the centuries and have absorbed the peculiarities of the centuries-old culture, give modern clothing and interior special flavour of those centuries They increase their artistic emphasis and consumer attractiveness, as well as the national and regional identify [17]
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