Abstract
This research was designed to investigate the metabolite profiling, phenolics, and flavonoids content as well as the potential antioxidant and antibacterial, properties of orange-yellow resin from Zuccagnia punctata Cav (ZpRe). Metabolite profiling was obtained by a ultrahigh resolution liquid chromatography orbitrap MS analysis (UHPLC-ESI-OT-MS-MS). The antioxidant properties were screened by four methods: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay (DPPH), trolox equivalent antioxidant activity assay (TEAC), ferric-reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP), and lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes (LP)). The antibacterial activity was evaluated according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) rules. The resin displayed a strong DPPH scavenging activity (IC50 = 25.72 µg/mL) and showed a percentage of inhibition of LP close to that of the reference compound catechin (70% at 100 µg ZpRe/mL), while a moderated effect was observed in the FRAP and TEAC assays. The resin showed a content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds of 391 mg GAE/g and 313 mg EQ/g respectively. Fifty phenolics compounds were identified by ultrahigh resolution liquid chromatography orbitrap MS analysis (UHPLC-PDA-OT-MS) analysis. Thirty-one compounds are reported for the first time, updating the knowledge on the chemical profile of this species. The importance of the biomolecules identified support traditional use of this endemic plant. Furthermore, additional pharmacological data is presented that increase the potential interest of this plant for industrial sustainable applications.
Highlights
The resins are nonvolatile products of plants, which include surface resins, naturally secreted by plants or internal resins, which can be obtained or collected from incisions
Fifty-one compounds were detected in Z. punctata Orange-Yellow Resin (ZpRe) by UHPLC-PDA-OT-MS analysis, combining full mass spectra and MSn experiments, of which fifty were tentatively identified including flavonoids, Antioxidants
2020, Fifty-one compounds were detected in ZpRe by UHPLC-PDA-OT-MS analysis, combining full mass spectra and acid
Summary
The resins are nonvolatile products of plants, which include surface resins, naturally secreted by plants or internal resins, which can be obtained or collected from incisions. Their chemical composition includes flavonoids, terpenoids, and fatty substances that in some cases are protective barrier for the Antioxidants 2020, 9, 123; doi:10.3390/antiox9020123 www.mdpi.com/journal/antioxidants. Plants exudates are known to possess several biological activities including antimicrobial, antioxidant, anthelmintic, and nematicidal [1,2]. In Argentine Z. punctata is “the medicinal plant”, it has the largest number of studies of chemistry and biological activity, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-mutagenic, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective activities [3]
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