Abstract
Traffic congestion control is becoming a popular field of research due to the rapid development of the automotive market. Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) have become the core research technology for numerous application possibilities related to road safety. Road congestions have been a serious issue of all time since the nodes have high mobility and transmission range is limited, resulting in an interruption of communication. One of the significant technical challenges faced in implementing VANET is the design of the routing protocol, providing adequate information and a reliable source for the destination. We proposed a novel mechanism unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing protocol (UAVa) for current-time traffic information accumulation and sharing to the entire traffic network and to control congestions before it happens. The UAV-assisted (UAVa) protocol is dedicated to urban environments, and its primary goal is to enhance the performance of routing protocols based on intersections. We compared the overall performance of existing routing protocols, namely ad hoc on-demand distance vector. The simulations were done by using OpenStreetMap (OSM), Network Simulator (NS-2.35), Simulation of Urban Mobility (SUMO), and VanetMobiSim. Furthermore, we compared the simulation results with AODV, and it shows that UAV-assisted (UAVa) AODV has significantly enhanced the packet delivery ratio, reduced the end-to-end delay, improved the average and instant throughput, and saved more energy. The results show that the UAVa is more robust and effective and we can conclude that UAVa is more suitable for VANETs.
Highlights
Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) is an application of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) for the field of the internet of vehicles (IoV) [1,2]
We performed a simulation-based performance assessment of our UAVa protocols and demonstrated the efficacy and robustness of UAVa in terms of adding routing efficiency, average throughput, instant throughput, reduced latency, and improved delivery ratio and residual energy compared to ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) protocols
The novelty of this selection mechanism is that the roadside units (RSUs) and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) at road intersections are among the selection metrics, where RSUs are very important in VANETs
Summary
Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) is an application of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) for the field of the internet of vehicles (IoV) [1,2]. Congestion regulation has become a widely debated concern in vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications, i.e., ensuring secure and effective communications through the use of limited resources available in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) [17]. The shortcomings of existing congestion control mechanisms over VANETs have inspired us to propose an approach with an improvement in the existing algorithms to meet the demands of current technology in handling vehicles in addition to assuring safety in communicating vehicles with reliability. An innovative mechanism is proposed in which current-time traffic information accumulation and sharing to the entire traffic network and how to regulate congestions before it happens are studied This ensures the sharing efficiency and demonstrates the low complexity of accumulating the current-time traffic information and sharing it.
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