Abstract
Unmanned aerial system (UAS) traffic management (UTM) requires each UAS to communicate with each other and to other stakeholders involved in the operation. In practice, there are two types of wireless communication systems established in the UAS community: automatic dependent surveillance broadcast (ADS-B) and remote identification (Remote ID). In between these two systems, there is ADS-B-like communication which leverages using other types of communications available in the market for the purpose of UTM. This review aims to provide an insight into those three systems, based on the published standard documents and latest research development. It also suggests how to construct a feasible communication architecture. The integrative approach is used in this literature review. The review categorization includes definition, data format, technology used, and research applications, and any remaining issues are discussed. The similarities and differences of each system are elaborated, covering practical findings. In addition, the SWOT analysis is conducted based on the findings. Lastly, multi-channel communication for UTM is proposed as a feasible solution in the UTM operation.
Highlights
The latest unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) could be used for photography, agriculture, surveillance, transportation, etc
According to the flight test between a small unmanned aerial system (UAS) and a manned helicopter using Bluetooth 5 low energy (BLE5), the results indicate that the possible performance range is about 1 km [14]
We found that research on automatic dependent surveillance broadcast (ADS-B) for UTM focused on surveillance, detect and avoid, capacity estimation, and security
Summary
The latest unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) could be used for photography, agriculture, surveillance, transportation, etc. Those UAV applications could be categorized into defence, enterprise, consumer, public safety, logistics and passenger. According to a white paper from Levitate Capital, it is predicted that the highest market size growth is in logistics, and it increased by more than 300 times from less than USD 0.1 billion (in the year 2020) to USD 33 billion (in the year 2030). Further forecasts mention that the Asia Pacific region will experience the highest growth, from USD 4 billion (in the year 2020) to USD 30 billion (in the year 2030) [1]. It is a supplement to the air traffic management (ATM) of manned flights, which shares the same airspace region
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