Types, Complications, and Prognosis of Inflammatory and Developmental Odontogenic Cyst

Abstract

In general, odontogenic cysts might have an inflammatory or developmental origin. The review study aims to increase understanding of the various categories of odontogenic cysts by describing their primary characteristics, consequences, treatments, and prognoses of lesions. Different types of developmental odontogenic cysts are the dentigerous cyst, eruption cyst, odontogenic keratocyst (OKC), orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst (OOC), gingival cyst (adult and new-born), lateral periodontal cyst (LPC), glandular odontogenic cyst, and calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC). Periapical or lateral radicular cysts, residual cysts, and paradental cysts are forms of inflammatory odontogenic cysts. The mandible and maxilla are affected by these inflammatory lesions. The most prevalent developmental odontogenic cysts were dentigerous cysts and OKC. Most developmental cysts reported rare recurrence and excellent prognosis except for glandular odontogenic cysts (30 to 55% recurrence) and OKC (30%). Glandular odontogenic cysts, OKC, and COC have the propensity to behave aggressively and recur frequently compared to others. Although most inflammatory cysts are asymptomatic and benign, because of their continuous growth, these lesions have the potential to become destructive because they damage and infect the nearby bone. Malignant transformation has been reported in periapical and residual inflammatory cysts. As a result, they should be properly diagnosed and treated. All inflammatory cysts have a favorable prognosis.