Two-Layer Cooperative Optimization of Flexible Interconnected Distribution Networks Considering Electric Vehicle User Satisfaction Degree

Abstract

The scaled access of electric vehicles (EVs) exacerbates load fluctuations in distribution networks, which is not conducive to the stable and economic operation of the distribution networks. At present, user satisfaction degree is generally low. To avoid this problem, this paper proposed a two-layer cooperative optimization of flexible interconnected distribution networks considering EV user satisfaction degree. First, the EV user satisfaction degree model is established by considering EV users’ charging waiting time, charging power, and other indicators. At the same time, an EV charging mode switching model is constructed based on the number of EVs entering the network and their battery charge state. On this basis, the Monte Carlo algorithm is used to generate the results of the daily distribution of EV loads taking into account the user satisfaction degree, so as to improve the load ratio of the transformer in the distribution network. Further, a two-layer cooperative optimization of flexible interconnected distribution networks considering electric vehicle user satisfaction degree is developed with the daily operating cost of each network as the optimization objective. Finally, a flexible interconnected power distribution network consisting of three power distribution networks is used as an example for validation. The results show that this method is effective in improving EV user satisfaction degree and reducing the peak-to-valley ratio of the system load while taking into account the safe and economic operation of the distribution network, which greatly improves the reliability and economy of the operation of the flexible interconnected power distribution network.