Abstract
Despite the benefits of electric vehicles (EV) as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuel-powered vehicles, the lack of suitable fast charging stations (FCS) continues to be a barrier to widespread EV adoption. Different factors affecting EV user, distribution network and CS operation must be taken into account when selecting CS locations and capacity. The purpose of this study is to design a FCS location and capacity planning framework that considers EV user travel time and waiting time, distribution network power loss, and station utilization aspects. Besides, a prior utilization rate-based queuing algorithm is proposed to determine the CS capacity, which simultaneously reduce user waiting time and affirms adequate station utilization. Then binary atom search optimization algorithm is employed to solve the FCS location and capacity problem. The proposed model is tested on an integrated transportation network and distribution network and the numerical results are provided and analysed from the perspectives of the distribution network, EV user, and CS operation.
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