Abstract

Two-step flash sintering (TSFS) was proposed as a new ceramic fabrication method to achieve fast densification with suppressed grain growth. Using ZnO as an examplar, ~96.5% of theoretical density was achieved using TSFS with a grain size of ~370nm, representing a >3 times reduction of the grain size in comparison with conventional (one-step) flash sintering. Moreover, TSFS achieved this result in a few minutes, >200 times faster than that needed for conventional two-step sintering to obtain comparable results, thereby representing an opportunity for significant energy and cost savings.

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