Two-dimensional ordering of self-assembled In xGa 1− xAs quantum dots grown on GaAs(3 1 1)B surfaces

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The two-dimensional (2D) ordering of self-assembled In x Ga 1− x As quantum dots (QDs) fabricated on GaAs(3 1 1)B surface by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) are reported. The QDs are aligned into rows differing from the direction of the misorientation of the substrate, and strongly dependent on the mole In content x of In x Ga 1− x As solid solution. The ordering alignment deteriorates significantly as the In content is increased to above 0.5. The 2D ordering can be described as a centered rectangular unit mesh with the two sides parallel to [0 1 1 ̄ ] and [ 2 ̄ 3 3] , respectively. Their relative arrangement seems to be determined by a combination of the strongly repulsive elastic interaction between the neighboring islands and the minimization of the strain energy of the whole system. The ordering also helps to improve the size homogeneity of the InGaAs islands. The photoluminescence (PL) result demonstrates that QDs grown on (3 1 1)B have the narrowest linewidth and the strongest integrated intensity, compared to those on (1 0 0) and other high-index planes under the same condition.