Abstract
Abstract. Results of flood modelling for three cities located in different parts of Russia: (1) Veliky Ustyug at the Northern Dvina river (Europe); (2) Mezhdurechensk at the Tom river (Siberia); and (3) Blagoveschensk at the Amur river (Far East) are presented. The two-dimensional hydrodynamic model of flow in channels and on floodplain STREAM_2D on the basis of the numerical solution of two-dimensional Saint–Venant equations on a hybrid curvilinear quadrangular and rectangular mesh was used for the simulations. Verification of the model through a comparison of simulated inundated areas with outlines of flooded zones from satellite images for known hydrologic situations demonstrate close correspondence (relative errors of 7–12% in terms of the area for peaks of the analysed floods). Analyses of embankment influence of large-scale levees on the water flow demonstrate that, in some cases, water levels could rise by more than 1 m and the patterns of the flooding zones could significantly differ.
Highlights
There are more than 700 cities and towns, thousands of villages and settlements, and more than seven million hectares of agricultural land of the Russian territory are exposed to a risk of flooding
The model has been applied to flooding simulation in numerous key areas on the great Russian rivers: the Volga, the Amur, the Ob, the Lena, etc. (Zaitsev et al, 2004), including the modelling of flooding zones in the case of dambreaks of the main reservoirs
In this paper we present the results of flood modelling of populated parts of river valleys in three cities located in different parts of Russia: (1) Veliky Ustyug at the Northern Dvina river (Europe); (2) Mezhdurechensk at the Tom river (Siberia); and (3) Blagoveshchensk at the Amur river (Far East) (Fig. 1a)
Summary
There are more than 700 cities and towns, thousands of villages and settlements, and more than seven million hectares of agricultural land of the Russian territory are exposed to a risk of flooding. The loss from the biggest floods, such as the extraordinary flood in the Amur basin in 2013, amounts to tens of billion rubles. One of the ways for decreasing flood damage is reasonable planning of floodplain developments, taking into account possible characteristics of flooding for different scenarios of development and protection simulated by hydrodynamic models. A two-dimensional hydrodynamic model for channel and floodplain flow has been developed by V. The model has been applied to flooding simulation in numerous key areas on the great Russian rivers: the Volga, the Amur, the Ob, the Lena, etc. As a result of modelling one can determine the flooded areas and obtain a spatial distribution of flow velocities, water surface levels and depths at any point of the channel and the inundated floodplain
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