Abstract
In this paper, a novel algorithm is proposed for the two-dimensional (2D) central direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation of coherently distributed (CD) sources. Specifically, we focus on a centro-symmetric crossed array consisting of two uniform linear arrays (ULAs). Unlike the conventional low-complexity methods using the one-order Taylor series approximation to obtain the approximate rotational invariance relation, we first prove the symmetric property of angular signal distributed weight vectors of the CD source for an arbitrary centrosymmetric array, and then use this property to establish two generalized rotational invariance relations inside the array manifolds in the two ULAs. Making use of such relations, the central elevation and azimuth DOAs are obtained by employing a polynomial-root-based search-free approach, respectively. Finally, simple parameter matching is accomplished by searching for the minimums of the cost function of the estimated 2D angular parameters. When compared with the existing low-complexity methods, the proposed algorithm can greatly improve estimation accuracy without significant increment in computation complexity. Moreover, it performs independently of the deterministic angular distributed function. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed algorithm.
Highlights
In recent decades, the problem of direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation, which plays an important role in radar, sonar and wireless communication systems, has attracted a lot of attention
Instead of using the Taylor series approximation, we prove the symmetric property of the angular signal distributed weight (ASDW) vector for an arbitrary centrosymmetric array, and use this property to establish the generalized rotational invariance relations inside the generalized array manifold (GAM) for the two establish the generalized rotational invariance relations inside the GAMs for the two sub-uniform linear arrays (ULAs)
We examine if the proposed algorithm works properly for different angular distributed functions
Summary
The problem of direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation, which plays an important role in radar, sonar and wireless communication systems, has attracted a lot of attention. In order to avoid the parameter matching procedure, the literature [21] estimated the central elevation and central azimuth DOAs by applying the singular value decomposition method to the cross-correlation (CC) matrix of the received data in the double parallel ULAs. all the algorithms in [18,19,20,21] were all based on the special array geometry composed of two sub-arrays. We consider a crossed array and divide it into two sub-ULAs. In particular, instead of using the Taylor series approximation, we prove the symmetric property of the angular signal distributed weight (ASDW) vector for an arbitrary centrosymmetric array, and use this property to establish the generalized rotational invariance relations inside the GAMs for the two. Denotes the Schur-Hadamard product; E[·] stands for the mathematical expectation and det(·) is the matrix determinant; diag[·] is a diagonal matrix and the values in the brackets are the diagonal elements
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