Computational Efficient Two-Dimension DOA Estimation for Incoherently Distributed Noncircular Sources With Automatic Pairing

Abstract

In this paper, the problem of two-dimensional (2-D) direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation for incoherently distributed (ID) noncircular sources is addressed. A low-complexity estimator with automatic pairing in the three-parallel uniform linear arrays (ULAs) is proposed. First, the signal non-circularity is applied to establish an extended generalized array manifold (GAM) model based on one-order Taylor series approximation. Resorting to such model, the generalized rotational invariance relationships are identified among the extended GAM matrices of the three ULAs. Thereafter, a modified propagator method is utilized to estimate the central elevation and azimuth DOAs. Without any spectrum searching, estimation or eigenvalue decomposition of the sample covariance matrix, the proposed approach is capable of considerably reducing the calculation cost in comparison with the existing methods. In addition, it can automatically pair the estimated central azimuth and central elevation DOAs. We also derive the Cramer-Rao lower bound regarding the 2-D DOA estimation of the ID noncircular source and conduct the computational complexity analysis. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves better estimation performance than the existing methods. Furthermore, it can be applied in the multi-source scenario where different sources may have different angular distribution shapes.