Turizm Sektörünün İstihdam Yaratmadaki Yeri ve 2009 Krizinin Türkiye Turizm İstihdamına Etkileri

Abstract

Tourism is one of the largest sectors in the world, providing over 235 million employment oppurtunities in global platform and having 9,2% of GDP (WTTC, 2010:a). The seasonal nature of tourism industry, rapid changes in working conditions, formal lacks in work contracts of many small businesses etc. are the complicating factors at providing stable employees in the sector (Eurostat et al., 2008:50). Despite these difficulties, in the tourism sector, -which’s making positive effects with its labour intensive nature and multiplier effects in various industries-, new job opportunuties influencing positively to the region’s and countries’ economic structure and even the overall economic structure. According to the barometer published by UNWTO, 2009 Global Economic Crisis effected tourism industry globally negatively with 4,2% decline at the number of incoming tourists and tourism revenues from $942 million to $852 million* at 2009 (UNWTO, 2010:a). On the data of Turkey, 3,2% decline at tourism revenues despite 2% growth at the number of incoming tourists is attracting attention(UNWTO, 2010:b). By 2008, the direct employment that created Travel&Tourism Industry in Turkey is occured as 436.6 thousands while it’s estimated that it’ll rise to 443.1 thousands in 2009 and to 447.5 thousands in 2010 (WTTC, 2010:b). In this paper, creating employment of tourism sector and the importance of it is emphasized while it’s aiming to analyse the effects of 2009 Global Economic Crisis to Turkey’s Tourism Employment via secondary data.