Abstract
In this paper, open loop and closed loop Tunneling Magnetoresistance (TMR) DC Current Transformers (DCCTs) for ion beam diagnostics are presented. The DCCTs employ MR sensors to measure the DC component of the accelerator’s ion beam. A comparative study between Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) and TMR sensors is presented to illustrate the sensor selection criterion for the DCCT application. The two proposed DCCTs are studied in open and closed loop configurations. A closed loop feedback electronic system is designed to generate a feedback current equivalent to the ion beam current such that the sensor operates at zero flux. Furthermore, theoretical and experimental results for the TMR-based DCCT including noise analysis are presented for both open loop and closed loop configurations. Both configurations’ minimum detectable currents are in the range of microampere. The proposed closed loop hardware prototype has a settling time of less than 15 μs. The measured minimum detectable currents for the open and closed loop TMR-based DCCTs are 128.2 μA/ and 10.14 μA/ at 1 Hz, respectively.
Highlights
Several invasive and noninvasive current monitoring devices are used in particle accelerators for accurate ion beam diagnostics [1,2]
The closed loop Tunneling Magnetoresistance (TMR)-based DC Current Transformers (DCCTs) is shown in Figure 6; a feedback signal conditioning system was added to the open loop device to generate a compensating current to achieve zero flux inside the air gap
The DC test showed that the closed loop TMR-based DCCT can operate linearly with high sensitivity
Summary
Several invasive and noninvasive current monitoring devices are used in particle accelerators for accurate ion beam diagnostics [1,2]. It consists of two ferromagnetic ring cores driven to magnetic saturation via two out of phase large amplitude AC voltage or current signals. Recent developments in magnetic field sensor fabrication technologies introduced new IC types of magnetic field sensors that can be used in contactless current transducers These sensors are based on the MR (Magnetoresistance) effect [11,12,13].
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