Tuning of thermoelectric performance by modulating vibrational properties in Ni-doped Sb2Te3

Abstract

Sb2Te3, a binary chalcogenide-based 3D topological insulator, attracts significant attention for its exceptional thermoelectric performance. We report the vibrational properties of magnetically doped Sb2Te3 thermoelectric material. Ni doping induces defect/disorder in the system and plays a positive role in engineering the thermoelectric properties through tuning the vibrational phonon modes. Synchrotron powder x-ray diffraction study confirms good crystalline quality and single-phase nature of the synthesized samples. The change in structural parameters, including B iso and strain, further corroborate with structural disorder. Detailed modification of phonon modes with doping and temperature variation is analysed from temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopic measurement. Compressive lattice strain is observed from the blue shift of Raman peaks owing to Ni incorporation in Sb site. An attempt is made to extract the lattice thermal conductivity from total thermal conductivity estimated through optothermal Raman studies. Hall concentration data support the change in temperature-dependent resistivity and thermopower. Remarkable increase in thermopower is observed after Ni doping. Simulation of the Pisarenko model, indicating the convergence of the valence band, explains the observed enhancement of thermopower in Sb2−x Ni x Te3. The energy gap between the light and heavy valence band at Γ point is found to be 30 meV (for Sb2Te3), which is reduced to 3 meV (in Sb1.98Ni0.02Te3). A significant increase in thermoelectric power factor is obtained from 715 μWm−1K−2 for pristine Sb2Te3 to 2415 μWm−1K−2 for Ni-doped Sb2Te3 sample. Finally, the thermoelectric figure of merit, ZT is found to increase by four times in Sb1.98Ni0.02Te3 than that of its pristine counterpart.