Abstract
Fluoropolymer nanocomposites of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVdF-HFP) were prepared using fluorinated barium strontium titanate (Ba1−xSrxTiO3, BSTO) nanoparticles (NPs) by low-temperature synthesis using a modified liquid–solid solution process. The exact stoichiometry of as-synthesized BSTO NPs was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis along with lattice parameter calculations. The synthesized BSTO NPs were fluorinated using 2,2,2-trifluoroacetic acid as a fluorous ligand. The BSTO NPs showed high solubility in the fluorous system (polymer and solvent) on account of their modified surface. The root-mean-square roughness of the fluorinated BSTO/PVdF-HFP nanocomposite was 76 times lower than that of the nonfluorinated BSTO/PVdF-HFP nanocomposite. The dielectric constant of the fluorinated BSTO/PVdF-HFP nanocomposite exhibited Curie temperature behavior. The dielectric constant of the nanocomposite predicted using the modified Kerner model at room temperature agreed well with the experimental values.
Highlights
Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVdF-HFP) is a fluoropolymer with attractive properties
Inorganic oxide NPs with high crystallinity and a narrow size distribution can be synthesized by the liquid–solid solution (LSS) process; the LSS process requires solvothermal treatment above 180 °C under high pressure for a long period and the use of expensive metal alkoxide precursors[11]
It is difficult to prepare fluorous complexes by using oxide NPs synthesized by the organic solution process because of the poor dispersion of these NPs in fluorous systems[13,14]; this can be remedied by achieving fluorous ligand exchange on the surface of inorganic NPs
Summary
Fluoropolymer nanocomposites of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVdF-HFP) were prepared using fluorinated barium strontium titanate (Ba1−xSrxTiO3, BSTO) nanoparticles (NPs) by low-temperature synthesis using a modified liquid–solid solution process. The dielectric constant of the fluorinated BSTO/PVdF-HFP nanocomposite exhibited Curie temperature behavior. Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVdF-HFP) is a fluoropolymer with attractive properties It is less coarse and shows superhydrophobicity with a low surface energy[1]. The need for high-performance dielectric materials in electronic devices has led to investigation of the fluoropolymer nanocomposite, which combines the breakdown field strength and processability of a fluoropolymer with the high dielectric constant of oxide nanoparticles[6]. Fluoropolymer nanocomposites are synthesized using PVdF-HFP and high-k NPs, and they exhibit Curie temperature behavior, a high dielectric constant, low dielectric loss, and very low surface roughness. Effective permittivity of the synthesized nanocomposites is simulated using the modified Kerner model, which was developed to determine the dielectric constants of nanocomposites[17]
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