Abstract
Cancer is a disease that affects a large number of people all over the world. For treating cancer, nano-drug delivery system has been introduced recently with objective of increasing therapeutic efficiency of chemotherapeutic drug. The main characteristics of this system are the encapsulation of the insoluble chemotherapeutic cargo, increasing the period of circulation in the body, as well as the delivery of the drug at that specific site. Currently, the nano-drug delivery system based on the stimuli response is becoming more popular because of the extra features for controlling the drug release based on the internal atmosphere of cancer. This review provides a summary of different types of internal (pH, redox, enzyme, ROS, hypoxia) stimuli-responsive nanoparticle drug delivery systems as well as perspective for upcoming times.
Highlights
Cancer is a common cause of death in humans
An internal stimuli-responsive system depends on the variation of stimuli, such as enzymatic variations, GSH level, pH, and ROS in the TME
In the field of nanotechnology, the new findings have paved a way for exclusive designs of polymeric nanosystems along with the capability for tuning their chemistry based on the surface and characterization of their physical nature, such as shape and size, to induce stimuli-responsiveness
Summary
Cancer is a common cause of death in humans. To overcome cancer, the general strategies used in chemotherapy still have some specific limits, such as adverse side effects because of unintentional drug accumulation in normal cells and not cancer cells. Poly(2- methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine, poly(L-histidine) Poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine, poly(L-aspartic acid Poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine, poly(L-aspartic acid Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), poly(β-amino ester) pH stimuli release by protonation of keratin/GSH/enzyme stimuli release by trypsin overexpression in TME Hypoxia sensitive nitroimidazole (NI) group conversion to amino imidazole group/Temperature sensitive polymer PNIPAM pH sensitive PMAA/Temperature sensitive PNIPAM Redox/pH sensitive selenocystine-acetyl histidine (Ac-histidine) Redox responsiveness from disulfide bond/pH sensitiveness from chitosan shell Redox sensitive p[MPC]/pH sensitive poly(L-histidine)
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