Tuberculose pulmonar e estado nutricional: estudo seccional com crianças e adolescentes

Abstract

Listen

Translate article

INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis (TB) can lead to malnutrition, just as itself can predispose to TB. This study aims to analyze the nutritional status, clinical-radiological findings and tests performed by children and adolescents with pulmonary TB (PT). METHODOLOGY: cross-sectional study involving three hospitals in Rio de Janeiro, from October 2014 to October 2019. Children and adolescents with PT were included. The variables studied were: age, sex, fever, weight loss, nutritional status, AFB, culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Gene Xpert TB-RIF test. For comparison between eutrophic and malnourished patients was used X2 test (statistical significance p-value<0.05). RESULTS: Forty-nine patients were included in the study. Among eutrophic children, 88.9% showed fever, 38.9% weight loss and 27.8% detectable Xpert. Among the malnourished, 100% manifested fever, 50% weight loss and 50% detectable Xpert. In the eutrophic and malnourished groups, the miliary radiological pattern occurred in 5.6% and 75% (p<0.01); culture was positive in 35.3% and 50%, respectively. In eutrophic adolescents there was fever in 58.8% and detectable Xpert in 41.2%. Among the malnourished, there was fever in 90% and detectable Xpert in 70%. The culture was positive in 31.2% eutrophic and, among the malnourished, there were 70% cases (p=0.05). The miliary radiological pattern occurred in 17.6% eutrophic and 10% malnourished. Weight loss occurred in 35.3% eutrophic and 100% malnourished (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: Among malnourished children and adolescents, supposedly more severe, the positive results from GeneXpert and culture were more frequent. The miliary pattern was more frequent among malnourished children and eutrophic adolescents.