Tuber Blight Development in Potato Cultivars in Response to Different Genotypes of Phytophthora infestans

Abstract

Migrations or introduction of new genotypes of Phytophthora infestans to a specific region imposes a different perspective for potato production. During 2009–2010, a late blight epidemic affected the Northeastern United States, which quickly spread through several states. The epidemic was characterized by the appearance of a new genotype of P. infestans designated US-22, which was isolated from tomato and potato. Potato tubers are an essential component of late blight epidemics where the pathogen cannot overwinter on Solanaceous plants. Six potato cultivars were inoculated with 12 isolates of P. infestans (five different genotypes), including isolates of the genotype US-22. Tuber blight development was characterized in terms of tissue darkening expressed as area under the disease progress curve values and lenticel infection. The responses indicated that US-8 was more aggressive than US-22, but US-22 isolates obtained from potato were more aggressive on potato than those acquired from tomato. Tuber periderm responses to infection were limited, yet US-8 isolates infected the periderm more often than US-22 isolates. There were significant differences among the cultivars tested but cv. Jacqueline Lee was the most resistant overall. Although isolates of P. infestans genotype US-22 were less aggressive in comparison with US-8 isolates, US-22 isolates still infected potato tubers and were as aggressive us US-8 isolates on some cultivars. Management of late blight caused by isolates of US-22 through host resistance may be feasible but imposes a different set of criteria for consideration from those that US-8 imposed.