Truncated microstrip square patch array antenna 2 × 2 elements with circular polarization for S-band microwave frequency

Abstract

This paper presents the design and realization of a truncated square microstrip patch antenna array with 2 × 2 elements that operates at a frequency S-band microwave frequency (2.4 GHz). The antenna material uses PCB FR-4 Epoxy, in which there is a dielectric substrate with dielectric constant er = 4.7, tan δ = 0.02), height h = 1.6 mm. Square microstrip patch antenna designed to have the corner cut off. Bevelled corner aims to obtain circular polarization with axial ratio value less than 3 dB. The design of microstrip antenna array using planar technique with models of 2 × 2 elements. Planar array technique used to obtain a larger gain than square microstrip patch antenna comparing with only single element. The design uses a software simulator CST Microwave Studio. The results of the simulation obtained in accordance with the desired specifications. From the measurement results of prototype of antenna are the center frequency of 2.38 GHz, the return loss of −19.34 dB or VSWR of 1.551 with bandwidth of 59 MHz, gain of 4.83 dBi, directional radiation pattern and HPBW of 50°, circular polarization with an axial ratio of 2.53 dB.