Abstract
Abstract: The present paper is a summary of a series of research and development projects which investigated the reasons for failure in educational technology‐based systems of instruction, and developed a new approach to the design of such systems and their subsequent implementation and control. An analysis of some of the basic misunderstandings of educational technology which led to some projects getting started on the wrong foot is followed by an analysis of the concept of ‘scale effect’ in large‐scale projects. Finally, a basic model is presented for the systems analysis of a project and for the diagnosis of possible sources of failure. This analysis is presented in the form of a set of ‘information maps’, which better illustrate the structure of the project and may also be readily used as a reference or ‘job‐aid’. These maps are adapted from a more comprehensive set of job‐aid materials, developed by the author for use on workshops and courses and also printed in a recently published book, Designing Instructional Systems.
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