Trochlear Ridge Prostheses for Reshaping Femoral Trochlear Ridges in Dogs with Patellar Luxation.

Abstract

To describe the implant characteristics and surgical application of a custom-made trochlear ridge prosthesis (TRP) and to report clinical outcomes in dogs affected by patellar luxation treated with TRP. Dogs affected by patellar luxation underwent computed tomography. A specific canine bone anatomical replica, a cutting guide, and a TRP were designed and provided for surgery. Surgical records, clinical and radiographic reassessments, complications, pre- and postoperative lameness, type and degree of patellar luxation, and TRP and patellar position after surgery were reviewed. Clinical outcomes were defined as full, acceptable, or unacceptable function. The TRP was implanted in 60 femoral trochleae: 48 unilateral and 12 bilateral. Successful correction of patellar luxation was achieved in 59/60 cases. TRP was applied with other surgical techniques in 36/60 of the cases and as the only surgical procedure in 24/60 cases. Overall, three complications were observed: two minor and one major (patellar luxation recurrence). Neither implant loosening nor infection was observed. The mean radiographic follow-up was 3.8 months. At the time of the final follow-up, 57/60 cases were scored as fully functional. The TRP application either alone or in combination with other surgical techniques allowed for correction of patellar luxation and improvement in preoperative lameness with nominal complications. TRP could represent a potentially reliable alternative to trochleoplasty.