Triglyceride-glucose index predicts adverse cardiovascular events in patients with H-type hypertension combined with coronary heart disease: a retrospective cohort study

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BackgroundThe triglyceride‒glucose index (TyG index) is a reliable surrogate for insulin resistance (IR) in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and is associated with cardiovascular disease. Recent studies have reported that H-type hypertension is likewise a predictor of adverse events in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). However, the relationship between the TyG index and prognosis in patients with H-type hypertension combined with CHD has not yet been reported. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the TyG index and adverse outcomes in patients with H-type hypertension combined with CHD.MethodsThis was a single-center retrospective cohort study that included patients who were diagnosed with H-type hypertension combined with CHD between 2018 and 2023 at Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University. The TyG index was divided into three groups according to tertiles. Kaplan–Meier curves were used to analyze the cumulative risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), and ROC curve analysis was performed by the log-rank test. Cox proportional hazards regression models were adopted to explore the relationship between the TyG index and MACEs. C-statistics, NRI, and IDI were used to evaluate the incremental predictive ability of the TyG index.ResultsA total of 546 patients were included, with a median follow-up time of 39.00 ± 0.69 months, and 73 MACEs occurred, with higher tertiles of the TyG index associated with a higher cumulative risk of MACEs (log-rank, P = 0.001). After adjusting for confounders, the fully adjusted ORs (95% CI) for T2 and T3 of the TyG index, with the lowest tertile as reference, were 1.64 (0.80–3.36) and 2.43 (1.19–4.97), respectively. The addition of the TyG index led to a significant improvement in the overall predictive power of the baseline model. [C-statistic increased from 0.63 to 0.66, p = 0.031; continuous NRI (95% CI) 0.13 (0.001–0.276), p = 0.038; IDI (95% CI) 0.01 (0.000–0.031), p = 0.047].ConclusionThe TyG index may be an independent risk factor for predicting adverse postoperative cardiovascular events in patients with H-type hypertension combined with CHD, indicating its potential significance in improving risk stratification strategies.Graphical