Abstract
Progress has been developed in harvesting low-frequency and irregular blue energy using a triboelectric–electromagnetic hybrid generator in recent years. However, the design of the high-efficiency, mechanically durable hybrid structure is still challenging. In this study, we report a fully packaged triboelectric–electromagnetic hybrid generator (TEHG), in which magnets were utilized as the trigger to drive contact–separation-mode triboelectric nanogenerators (CS-TENGs) and coupled with copper coils to operate rotary freestanding-mode electromagnetic generators (RF-EMGs). The magnet pairs that produce attraction were used to transfer the external mechanical energy to the CS-TENGs, and packaging of the CS-TENG part was achieved to protect it from the ambient environment. Under a rotatory speed of 100 rpm, the CS-TENGs enabled the TEHG to deliver an output voltage, current, and average power of 315.8 V, 44.6 μA, and ~ 90.7 μW, and the output of the RF-EMGs was 0.59 V, 1.78 mA, and 79.6 μW, respectively. The cylinder-like structure made the TEHG more easily driven by water flow and demonstrated to work as a practical power source to charge commercial capacitors. It can charge a 33 μF capacitor from 0 to 2.1 V in 84 s, and the stored energy in the capacitor can drive an electronic thermometer and form a self-powered water-temperature sensing system.
Highlights
Much effort has been made to meet the huge energy demand of modern society while minimizing environmental cost [1]
We report a fully packaged triboelectric–electromagnetic hybrid generator (TEHG), in which magnets were utilized as the trigger to drive contact–separation-mode triboelectric nanogenerators (CS-TENGs) and coupled with copper coils to operate rotary freestanding-mode electromagnetic generators (RF-EMGs)
We present the design of a hybrid generator based on contact–separation-mode TENGs (CS-TENGs) in conjunction with rotary freestanding-mode EMGs (RFEMGs)
Summary
Much effort has been made to meet the huge energy demand of modern society while minimizing environmental cost [1]. TENGs demonstrate much better output performance than that of traditional electromagnetic generators (EMGs) at low frequency (typically 0.1–3 Hz), which confirms the possible application of TENGs for harvesting irregular and low-frequency motion energy such as that from water flow [16, 17]. How to use this novel technology to achieve energy collection and conversion attracts much attention. It can charge commercial capacitors and use the stored energy to power an electronic water thermometer
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