Abstract
Having conducted a comparative analysis of higher education and science reforms in France and in Russia in recent years, we have concluded that with obvious progress in a number of areas of reform, the link between education and science and the implementation of their innovative results in practice is significantly more successful in France. This connection is implemented within the framework of cluster policy, the development of poles of competitiveness and technopolises. They became the basis for promoting a new economic model of development based on the knowledge economy in the early 2000s. A new impetus to the rapid development of clusters in European countries was given by the processes of digitalization, which penetrated into all spheres of activity – research, education, commercialization of ideas, production of new products. The closest connection between science (University and academic science), education (higher educational institutions, their laboratories) and the development of territories (primarily cities) with the help of digital technologies is becoming an everyday reality, the engine of social progress. The growth points that appeared in different regions, expanding within the framework of projects that were selected on a competitive basis and supported by the state, showed the successful result of a targeted policy of supporting innovation, helped to find a way to get the economies of a number of European countries out of the permanent crises of the late 90s, 2008-2009. What is the secret of the success of cluster policy in France? Which role does each of the leading players in the cluster play? Who is the coordinator, connecting link – government institutions? Universities? Research laboratories? Companies? What unites clusters, poles of competitiveness and technology parks? This article is devoted to the answers to these questions.
Highlights
As we know from economic theory and confirmed by the practice of recent decades, there are not so many drivers and stimulators of economic growth
What is the secret of the success of cluster policy in France? Which role does each of the leading players in the cluster play? Who is the coordinator, connecting link – government institutions? Universities? Research laboratories? Companies? What unites clusters, poles of competitiveness and technology parks? This article is devoted to the answers to these questions
It is interesting to examine the experience of France’s cluster policy, where several hundred cluster initiatives with direct state support have passed a number of stages of development since 2004, have grown into several dozen poles of competitiveness (PC)
Summary
As we know from economic theory and confirmed by the practice of recent decades, there are not so many drivers and stimulators of economic growth. Clusters – are not individual companies or breakthrough research organizations, but a new network phenomenon that has united scientific, educational, and industrial organizations in a single area under the patronage and support of government agencies Such networks have become able to produce and introduce the latest ideas, patents, and create innovative products that are so necessary to give dynamism to the territorial economy in Europe. Balanced modern territorial development, including the creation of «smart» cities, is impossible without the participation of educational and scientific institutions located in a particular area In this regard, it is becoming more relevant to study the new role of universities in the development of territories, their relationship with local government and the business community. Porter justifies state intervention for the development of wide, competitive clusters (Silicon Valley, Boston's Route 128, etc.) [3]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
