Abstract
Objectives:Thyroid cancer incidence is increasing worldwide, while mortality from thyroid cancer is stable or decreasing. Consequently, survival rates are rising. We describe time trends in the incidence, mortality, and 5-year survival of thyroid cancer in Israel in 1980–2012, in light of the global trends.Methods:Israel National Cancer Registry database provided information regarding thyroid cancer incidence and vital status, which enabled computation of survival rates. The Central Bureau of Statistics database provided information on thyroid cancer mortality. Incidence and mortality rates were age-adjusted and presented by population group (Jews/Arabs) and gender. Relative 5-year survival rates which account for the general population survival in the corresponding time period were presented by population group and gender. Joinpoint analyses were used to assess incidence trends over time.Results:In 1980–2012 significant increases in the incidence of thyroid cancer were observed, with an annual percent change (APC) range of 3.98–6.93, driven almost entirely by papillary carcinoma (APCs 5.75–8.86), while rates of other types of thyroid cancer remained stable or decreased. Furthermore, higher rates of early detection were noted. In 1980–2012, a modest reduction in thyroid cancer mortality was observed in Jewish women (APC −1.07) with no substantial change in Jewish men. The 5-year relative survival after thyroid cancer diagnosis has increased to ≥90% in both population groups and both genders.Conclusions:The Israeli secular trends of thyroid cancer incidence (increasing), mortality (mostly stable), and survival (modestly increasing) closely follow reported global trends.
Highlights
Thyroid cancer affects cells within the thyroid gland and is usually categorized into well-differentiated tumors, i.e. papillary carcinoma and follicular carcinoma (10%–20% of all cases), and less differentiated tumors, i.e. medullary carcinoma (3%–10% of all cases) and anaplastic carcinoma (1%–3% of all cases).[1]
The Israel National Cancer Registry (INCR) was established in 1960, and since 1982 reporting of all newly diagnosed cancers in Israeli residents to the registry has been mandatory by law
In order to take into account the survival rates of the general population, relative survival rates are computed by dividing the observed survival of cancer patients by the expected survival in the general population adjusted for age, sex, and ethnicity, based on national mortality data
Summary
Thyroid cancer affects cells within the thyroid gland and is usually categorized into well-differentiated tumors, i.e. papillary carcinoma (accounting for approximately 75%–85% of all cases) and follicular carcinoma (10%–20% of all cases), and less differentiated tumors, i.e. medullary carcinoma (3%–10% of all cases) and anaplastic carcinoma (1%–3% of all cases).[1] Prognosis for thyroid cancer varies by histologic diagnosis. Ten-year survival for papillary carcinoma is approximately 98%, and for follicular carcinoma 92%.the 10-year survival rates for other types of thyroid cancer are considerably lower: 80% for medullary carcinoma and 13% for anaplastic tumors. While tumors of other histological origins, such as lymphoma and sarcoma, may present in the thyroid gland,[2] they are not generally included in calculations of thyroid cancer incidence and survival. Other potential risk factors are taller height and higher BMI (especially in women),[5,6,7] certain dietary exposures,[5,6,7] and reproductive factors.[7,8]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary 
Published Version (
Free)
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call