Trends of Chronic Liver Disease in a Tertiary Care Centre in the Eastern Part of India: A Retrospective Study.

Abstract

To assess the relationship between the severity of liver cirrhosis and its outcomesbased on laboratory parameters, Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) score, and upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopy findings. Cirrhosis is the end stage of chronic liver disease (CLD)and is characterised by progressive liver fibrosis and distortion of the liver architecture. It is a major cause of morbidity and mortality all over the world. Cirrhosis is compensated in the initial stages and later progresses to the decompensated stage with various complications. The CTP scoring system predicts mortality inpatients with cirrhosis. This retrospective study was done in the Department ofMedicine and Gastroenterology of Tata Main Hospital (TMH), Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India. It wasconducted over a period of two years between 1 January2019 and31 December 2020, on 150 confirmed cases ofcirrhosis. The most common age group was 41-60 years (86, 57.33%) and the mean age ± standard deviation (SD) for all patients was 49.82 ± 11.63 years. In a total of 150 CLD cases, males were 96 (64%). The most common cause of CLD was alcohol (76, 50.67%). Based on presenting symptoms, most CLD patients presented with generalized weakness (144, 96.00%). The most common signs were icterus (68, 45.33%) and ascites (44, 29.33%). Most patients belonged to CTP class A (77, 51.33%), followed by CTP class B (44, 29.33%) and class C (29, 19.34%). The most common UGI endoscopy findingwas portal hypertensive gastropathy (mild or severe) (135, 75%). Total deaths were 24 (16.00%), with 17 deaths (70.83%) in patients belonging to CTP class C. CLD is a common entity in eastern India with male preponderance and affects mostly people of the middle age group.Alcohol intake is a major cause of CLD,followed by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and chronic hepatitis B and C. A significant rise inmorbidity and mortality due toalcoholic liver disease (ALD)was observed in the study and needs urgent social and medical intervention. The incidence of ALD in our study was 50.67%.