Abstract
OBJECTIVESThis study aimed to examine the trends in health behaviors in Korean population using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).METHODSThe subjects were 96,408 adults aged 19 years or older who participated in the first (1998) through seventh (2016-2018) KNHANES health interview. The prevalence of health behaviors (cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, and physical activity) and annual percent change (APC) were estimated using SAS and the Joinpoint program.RESULTSThe prevalence of current cigarette smoking in men decreased by 2.8%p (APC=-2.8, p<0.001) annually over the 20-year period, and the prevalence of exposure to secondhand smoke at home substantially decreased compared to 2005 (APC=-8.8, p<0.001). Compared to 2005, the prevalence of current alcohol drinking in women, but not men, increased (APC=2.0, p<0.001), and the prevalence of binge drinking decreased in men (APC=-0.7, p<0.001) and increased in women (APC=2.4, p<0.001). The prevalence of aerobic physical activity decreased from 2014 in both gendersd (p<0.001). The prevalence of healthy behaviors practice (non-smoking, alcohol abstinence, and aerobic physical activity) was down-trending (APC=-5.3, p<0.001), especially among women (APC=-6.4, p<0.001).CONCLUSIONSOver the past 20 years, smoking behaviors improved. However, drinking behavior was unchanged and physical activity indicators markedly decreased. More active programs are necessary for improving health behaviors, which are major risk factors linked to chronic diseases.
Highlights
We examined trends in important health behaviors, such as cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, and physical activity (PA) by utilizing the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data (1998-2018) to provide information essential to chronic disease prevention and management
The proportion of participants aged between 19 years and years decreased, while the proportion of those aged ≥ years increased over time
The prevalence of current cigarette smoking substantially decreased in men, from 66.3% in 1998 to 36.7% in 2018 (APC= -2.8, p < 0.001)
Summary
In Korea, death from NCD like cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease comprises more than 80% of all deaths [2]. Health behaviors like cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, and physical activity (PA) are closely associated with the precursors of chronic diseases, such as hypertension and dyslipidemia [3], the occurrence of chronic diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular disease (and the associated burden of disease), and early death [4,5]. In National Health Plan (HP), which aims to spread healthy lifestyles, targets were established for major health indicators in the areas of smoking cessation, drinking reduction, PA, nutrition, and the gap in health equity (e.g., income level). The progress toward targets is monitored through the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)
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