Trends and Prospects in Ontario's Poplar Plantation Management

Abstract

The hybrid poplar plantation management systems and objectives, some of the problems, and the results of work to date are summarized.Short-rotation poplar plantations are of regularly spaced traditional-size trees, intensively managed in monoculture. Silvicultural problems are associated with clonal selection, site selection and treatment, spacing, and planting stock type. The mean annual increments of best varieties have reached at 12 years of age 29 m3/ha (400 cu. ft./acre).Forest type poplar plantations are established in logged forest areas. These are less intensively managed.Fast growing poplar and associated shade tolerant hardwoods and conifers are planted in mixed plantations (poplar polyculture) on highly variable sites. Beneficial influences are apparent on the stem quality and phenology of associated trees. Growth stimulating effects, increased site utilization and disease resistance are expected.In mini-rotation system, average dry yields of 8 t/ha/a (3.5 tons/acre/yr) or more are produced in closely-spaced, intensively-managed 1- to 3-year-old coppice plantations. Pulping tests indicate satisfactory qualities. In addition, many other uses, from petrochemical replacement to food, have potential. The management problems under study are: clonal selection, site treatments, spacing, and mechanization.