Tree-inspired fabric-based of carbon fiber photothermal evaporator for highly efficient water-evaporation desalination

Abstract

Recently, researchers have increasingly focused on interfacial solar evaporation technology due to its potential in addressing freshwater scarcity through its cleanliness, efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and environmental friendliness. However, developing salt-resistant evaporation devices with high performance using simple processing methods remains challenging. This study presents a novel core-spun composite yarn, utilizing Tencel as the core for its water absorption properties and wrapping it with carbon fiber bundles known for their excellent light absorption capabilities. A photothermal composite yarn fabric evaporation device with a bridge-like structure, utilizing carbon fiber and crafted through three-dimensional braiding technology, was developed. The inclusion of polystyrene foam ensures stable floating and excellent thermal insulation, enhancing thermal management efficiency of the evaporator. Results indicate a stable evaporation rate of 1.71 kg·m−2·h−1 under 1 sun illumination and effectively prevents salt crystallization during prolonged simulated seawater evaporation, specifically with a 10 wt% NaCl solution. This research lays a valuable foundation for designing uncomplicated, efficient, and scalable solar water evaporation devices.