Treatment with dextroamphetamine decreases the reacquisition of cocaine self-administration: Consistency across social contexts

Abstract

RationaleA return to cocaine use following abstinence frequently occurs in a social context, and the presence of other individuals using cocaine may contribute to the likelihood of use. Previous studies have reported that chronic d-amphetamine treatment decreases cocaine self-administration in laboratory animals and reduces a return to cocaine use following abstinence in humans. ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to examine the effects of chronic d-amphetamine treatment on the reacquisition of cocaine use in rats self-administering cocaine in different social contexts. MethodsMale and female rats were implanted with intravenous catheters and trained to self-administer cocaine during daily 6-hr sessions. After 14 days, cocaine self-administration was extinguished by substituting saline for the cocaine stimulus. At this time, rats were randomized to receive chronic treatment with either d-amphetamine or saline. After 9 days of extinction, cocaine was again made available during daily 6-hr sessions. At this time, rats were further randomized into three social conditions: (1) rats continued self-administering cocaine in isolation, (2) rats self-administered cocaine in the presence of a same-sex partner that also self-administered cocaine, or (3) rats self-administered cocaine in the presence of a same-sex partner that did not have access to cocaine. Daily treatment with d-amphetamine or saline continued for the duration of reacquisition testing. ResultsChronic treatment with d-amphetamine decreased cocaine intake during reacquisition, but these effects were not influenced by the social context. No sex differences were observed. ConclusionThese data support previous studies reporting that d-amphetamine decreases cocaine intake and demonstrate its efficacy across social contexts.