Treatment Outcome of Tuberculosis Patients in Azezo Health Center, North West Ethiopia

Zelalem Addis,Wubet Birhan,Abebe Alemu,Getachew Ayal,Addis Mulu,Hadush Negash

doi:10.7439/ijbar.v4i3.300

Zelalem Addis, Wubet Birhan + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.7439/ijbar.v4i3.300

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Abstract

Objective: to study tuberculosis treatment outcome of patients under directly observed treatment short course in Azezo health center, North West Ethiopia. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in Azezo health center by analyzing the data of tuberculosis patients registered from September, 2008 up to August, 2011. Data about patients characteristics and treatment outcome was analyzed using SPSS version 15 and results were summarized in percentages and frequencies presented in tables. Results: The study included 482 tuberculosis patients among whom 50.4% were males and the mean (SD) age was 32.8 (1.6) years. The HIV status of 323 patients was known out of which 38.1% were HIV positive. The trend of tuberculosis over the years studied was steadily increasing. Out of the study subjects 67.8% and 32.2% were pulmonary tuberculosis and extrapulmonary tuberculosis cases, respectively. Successful treatment outcome for all types of tuberculosis cases was 80.5%, being higher for females, smear positive pulmonary cases and HIV negative patients. Sex and HIV status of the patients showed statistically significant association with successful treatment outcome. Conclusion: To improve treatment success rate and minimize the death rate default tracing and home visit made by health extension workers must be strongly implemented as observed in other regions. Enhanced supervision and improved counseling activities also need to be implemented so that the default rate can be minimized for better treatment success rate.

Highlights

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a considerable global public health concern, mainly affecting poor and vulnerable populations 1
A total of 482 patients were registered at Azezo Health center between September, 2008-Augest, 2011
A community randomized trial in Southern Ethiopia indicated as it has reported to higher proportion (89.3%) of successful treatment outcome using health extension workers 20

Summary

Introduction

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a considerable global public health concern, mainly affecting poor and vulnerable populations 1. In 2010, there were an estimated 8.8 million incident cases of TB globally, equivalent to 128 cases per 100 000 population. Most of the estimated number of cases in 2010 occurred in Asia (59%) and Africa (26%) 2. The key elements in the reduction of transmission and elimination of tuberculosis infection are early diagnosis and effective treatment 3. The increasing trend of tuberculosis raise the creation of directly observed treatment short course (DOTS) in the mid 1990s and has been implemented in 184 countries resulting in more than 125 million being cured 4-7. In the updated global plan (2011-2015) the specific targets of DOTS are achievement of 84% case detection rate (CDR) and www.ssjournals.com

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