Abstract
BackgroundHyperactive dysfunction syndrome (HDS) refers to a constellation of symptoms developing from cranial nerve overactivity caused by neurovascular compression at the root entry or exit zone near the brainstem. Although the combined features of HDS are seen in the elderly, there are no reports of such cases in adolescents, to date.Case presentationA 17-year-old male was diagnosed with right glossopharyngeal neuralgia and treated with microvascular decompression. He experienced new-onset right facial pain later and was diagnosed with right trigeminal neuralgia, which required prompt radiofrequency thermocoagulation of the right mandibular nerve. Follow-up in the third post-treatment year revealed the absence of symptom recurrence.DiscussionWe report the treatment of a rare case of adolescent-onset combined HDS presenting as trigeminal and glossopharyngeal neuralgia. This report highlights the possibility of combined hyperactive dysfunction syndrome in younger age groups. It is crucial to establish a diagnosis early on for prompt management.
Highlights
Hyperactive dysfunction syndrome (HDS) refers to a constellation of symptoms developing from cranial nerve overactivity caused by neurovascular compression at the root entry or exit zone near the brainstem
We report the treatment of a rare case of adolescent-onset combined HDS presenting as trigeminal and glossopharyngeal neuralgia
Hyperactive dysfunction syndrome (HDS) refers to a constellation of symptoms such as trigeminal neuralgia (TN), hemifacial spasm, and glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GPN) that results from cranial nerve overactivity [1,2,3]
Summary
Combined HDS is a rare condition that can possibly affect one or both sides either synchronously or metachronously. Several previous studies have reported that TN due to venous compression was recognized as a negative prognosis, which may be associated with MVD outcomes in such young patients [19, 20]. Fatal complications such as cranial nerve dysfunction (2%), stroke (0.3%), and death (0.2%) may occur. RFT of the right mandibular nerve was performed for TN in our patient This procedure, such as the approach to peripheral nerves or ganglion, can be used to achieve proper diagnosing of HDS.
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