Treatment of apical vaginal prolapse with minimal mesh repair (Uphold): patient‐reported long‐term outcomes and mesh‐related complications

Abstract

To evaluate patient-reported outcomes and clinical findings after surgery for apical prolapse with the transvaginal Uphold mesh technique. Moreover, to evaluate the rate of mesh-related complications. A historical cohort study of patients who underwent surgery from January 1, 2012 to April 30, 2019, at Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark. Pelvic examination and patient completion of questionnaires were performed in 2018-2019. Information on adverse events and reoperations was obtained from medical records. A total of 240 patients were operated on using the Uphold mesh, 89% due to recurrent prolapse. Follow-up was attended by 192 patients (80%). Median follow-up time was 30months, interquartile range 19-52. During follow-up, 29 patients (15%) underwent reoperation due to prolapse and are considered failures. Among the remaining, patient satisfaction was high. Thus, average score for pelvic symptoms affecting daily life was 2, on a scale of 0-10, where 0 represents no symptoms. The Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I) had an average score of 6.4 (1: very much worse; 7 very much better). Preoperatively, 89.5% of the women had grade 2 or more apical prolapse, whereas at follow-up, this was only 6.1%. Perioperative heavy bleeding needing embolization was observed in one patient (0.5%). Two patients had serious constriction of the ureter and needed re-operation. Postoperative complications, primarily temporary voiding problems, were observed in 15 patients (8%). Complications during the follow-up period were registered in 23 patients (12%); eight of these were mesh erosions. Due to complications, 11 patients (6%) needed re-operation. The study confirms that the Uphold procedure in a centralized set-up is a procedure with high patient-reported satisfaction even in a population characterized by a high proportion of recurrent prolapse. Moreover, the procedure seems safe with acceptable complication rates.