Abstract
BackgroundIatrogenic endometriosis is the presence of endometrial glands and stroma out of the uterus following certain surgical interventions. The rate of iatrogenic endometriosis after gynecologic surgeries due to benign uterine disease is 1–2%. Laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy is also a part of frequently used surgical treatment of apical pelvic organ prolapse, which is followed by sacrocervicopexy. However, there are no data about iatrogenic endometriosis after apical prolapse surgery in the current literature. Herein, we present a case report of a patient diagnosed with de novo endometriosis 1 year after laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy and sacrocervicopexy.Case presentationA 46-year-old parous Slavic woman who underwent laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy and sacrocervicopexy secondary to grade 3 symptomatic apical prolapse 1 year earlier was admitted to the same clinic with pelvic pain that had started 6 months following surgery. Deep vaginal palpation was painful. Transvaginal ultrasonography revealed an area with hypervascularization on the sacral promontory. She was scheduled for diagnostic laparoscopy. A 2 × 2-cm solid, wine-colored, hypervascular hemorrhagic lesion was seen on the sacral promontory. The lesion and the peritoneal layer behind it were totally excised. The patient was discharged on the first postoperative day, without any complications. Pathologic examination revealed foci of endometriosis comprising endometrial glands and stroma within the connective tissue, along with hemosiderin-laden macrophages. The symptoms of the patient resolved after the surgery, and no further adjuvant treatment was needed.ConclusionAlthough the rate of iatrogenic endometriosis is low after laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy and sacrocervicopexy, the possibility of the occurrence of iatrogenic endometriosis should be discussed with patients who are diagnosed with apical prolapse to determine the type of surgical intervention. Iatrogenic endometriosis should be kept in mind for differential diagnosis in case of pain after laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy and sacrocervicopexy.
Highlights
Iatrogenic endometriosis (IE) is the presence of endometrial glands and stroma out of the uterus following certain surgical interventions, such as total or supracervical hysterectomy, myomectomy, and cesarean section [1]
Conclusion: the rate of iatrogenic endometriosis is low after laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy and sacrocervicopexy, the possibility of the occurrence of iatrogenic endometriosis should be discussed with patients who are diagnosed with apical prolapse to determine the type of surgical intervention
Iatrogenic endometriosis should be kept in mind for differential diagnosis in case of pain after laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy and sacrocervicopexy
Summary
IE is a rare complication of total or supracervical hysterectomies for benign uterine diseases. IE can be diagnosed secondary to laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy and electrical morcellation of the uterus as a part of POP surgery. With the wide application of these procedures, an increase in the rates of IE following POP surgeries may be detected in the future. The rate of IE is low after LASH surgery, the possibility for the occurrence of IE should be discussed with patients who are diagnosed with apical prolapse to determine the type of surgical intervention. IE should be kept in mind for differential diagnosis in case of pain after LASH surgery. Laparoscopic intervention may provide the diagnosis and further the excision of IE. Further studies are needed to determine the real rates and proper treatment modalities of IE and eligible surgical maneuvers to avoid IE during prolapse surgery
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