Tratamiento quirúrgico en las etapas de desarrollo del carcinoma ocular de células escamosas en bovinos del trópico alto del departamento de Nariño

Abstract

Squamous ocular cell ocular carcinoma (SOCC) is one of the most common and important ocular neoplasms of frequent occurrence in cattle. The objective of the work was to evaluate the surgical treatment in stages 1, 2, 3 and 4. Four presentations of the SOCC were evidenced; in the sclerocorneal limb, eyelids, cornea and in the nictitating membrane. For each clinical case, a blocking and surgical technique was performed. In all cases, a sedation dose was administered to keep the animal standing, using 2% Xylazine, a dose of 0.015-0.03 mg/kg IV in the coccygeal vein. In cases of SOCC in the third eyelid, the atriopalpebral, zygomatic and intratrochlear nerves were blocked, in cases of eyelids and conjunctiva depending on the site, the correspon- ding nerve was blocked. For orbital exenteration, in addition to the blockage of the four points, it is anesthetized behind the eyeball with the retrobulba technique, administering 10-15 cc of 2% lidocaine. In cases of SOCC in the fourth stage where the eyeball and adjacent tissues are involved, orbital exenteration was performed. The carcinoma on the nictitating membrane, resection was performed, in the cornea, a superficial keratectomy and in the lower eyelid, a blepharoplasty. Twenty-five cows, Holstein, Normando, Holstein x Simental and Montbeliarde were surgically treated. The nictitating membrane was removed in 14 cases, orbital exenteration in nine, superficial keratectomy and blepharoplasty in inferior eyelid in a single case respectively. Recurrence occurred in two cases that were culled. Early surgical treatment helps control SOCC allowing animals to remain in the herd during their productive life.