Abstract
The transport system of one of the largest megalopolises in Russia is analysed in the article, the assessment of its transport potential is carried out and the main problems of the transport complex development, which need to be solved within the implementation of the concept of the “smart” city in St. Petersburg are revealed. The classification of the environmental impacts of functioning of the city transport system is given and the characteristic of the most significant ecologic-and-economic problems of St. Petersburg, connected with the use of the motor transport, having a special impact on the urban economic environment is given. Technique for the assessment of the impact of motor transport on the environment of the megalopolis is offered by the authors and the calculation of the Green Avto Index, characterizing the ecological situation in the districts of Saint-Petersburg, which needs to be considered when planning the urban development and the organization of traffic flows are carried out. The international experience of the application of the “intellectual” transport systems, which use will allow to accelerate the process of the creation of the platform for transition to the “smart” city in the megalopolis is considered.
Highlights
The city transport system is the integral component of the "smart" city and forms its further perspective development in the social, ecological and economic aspects
The transport system of the city is characterized by the following indexes [3, 4]: at the total area of the urban area of 1.439 sq.km, the extent of street and road highways is 3.711 km, i.e. the average density of networks of highways is 2.6 km per 1 sq.km. 86% in the structure of the network are the communication facilities, which are buildings, while roads make up 14% [5]
The elements of innovations and components of the intellectual transport system of the megalopolis which are in the context of "the smart city" ideology are the following [29, 30]: 1. Intellectual control of traffic lights which allows to reduce the formation of traffic jams
Summary
The city transport system is the integral component of the "smart" city and forms its further perspective development in the social, ecological and economic aspects. The issues of the transport infrastructure development are rather acute in the modern reality and their solution is necessary for the effective functional development of any large city in all the countries of the modern world. The transport sector is presented by various means of transport which have to apply innovative technologies for their further effective development and to introduce some advanced methods, allowing the transport systems to become economic, eco-friendly, socially available, to assure safety and quality of transportations of both freights, and passengers. That the system of infrastructure of megalopolises will systematically develop in the estimated prospect, the state needs to invest considerable investments into construction of the transport systems, their reconstruction and to consider their needs for further development
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