Abstract
Environmental natural organic matters (NOMs) have great effects on the physicochemical properties of engineering nanoparticles, which may impact the transport of nanoparticles across plasma membrane and the cytotoxicity. Therefore, the kinetics, uptake pathway and mass of transporting into A549 cell membrane of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) coated with citric acid (CA), tartaric acid (TA) and fulvic acid (FA) were investigated, respectively. CA, FA and TA enhanced the colloidal stability of AgNPs in culture medium and have greatly changed the surface plasmon resonance spectrum of AgNPs due to the absorption of CA, FA and TA on surface of AgNPs. Internalizing model showed that velocity of CA-, TA- and FA-nAg transporting into A549 cell were 5.82-, 1.69- and 0.29-fold higher than those of the control group, respectively. Intracellular mass of Ag was dependent on mass of AgNPs delivered to cell from suspension, which obeyed Logistic model and was affected by NOMs that CA- and TA-nAg showed a large promotion on intracellular mass of Ag. The lipid raft/caveolae-mediated endocytosis (LME) of A549 cell uptake of AgNPs were susceptible to CA, TA and FA that uptake of CA-, TA- and FA-nAg showed lower degree of dependent on LME than that of the control (uncoated AgNPs). Actin-involved uptake pathway and macropinocytosis would have less contribution to uptake of FA-nAg. Overall, transmembrane transport of NOMs-coated AgNPs differs greatly from that of the pristine AgNPs.
Highlights
Environmental natural organic matters (NOMs) have great effects on the physicochemical properties of engineering nanoparticles, which may impact the transport of nanoparticles across plasma membrane and the cytotoxicity
The aim of this study is to reveal the effects of NOMs on the cellular uptake of AgNPs
C:N of tartaric acid (TA)-nAg was much higher than that of n Agcontrol (7.12 to 5.1). This suggested that TA had absorbed on surface of AgNPs replacing parts of coated polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)
Summary
Environmental natural organic matters (NOMs) have great effects on the physicochemical properties of engineering nanoparticles, which may impact the transport of nanoparticles across plasma membrane and the cytotoxicity. The kinetics, uptake pathway and mass of transporting into A549 cell membrane of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) coated with citric acid (CA), tartaric acid (TA) and fulvic acid (FA) were investigated, respectively. Many studies have been carried out on quantitative or qualitative analysis of intracellular nanoparticles to reveal cellular uptake of nanoparticles. Mass of cellular nanoparticles can be quantitatively estimated via the removal of cell surface associated nanoparticles with etchants. Many researches have addressed the contribution of a certain uptake pathway to the nanoparticles via the decrease of particles’ signal with the addition of inhibitor[4,24,30] These researches generally ignore interferences of the cell surface association nanoparticles which may lead to errors. Cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of pristine nanoparticles have been well documented[1,8,19,24], more investigations should be carried out on NOMs-nanoparticles corona to reveal the mechanism of the cellular uptake of AgNPs influenced by environmental NOMs
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