Abstract
The in vitro cytotoxicity of nano silver nanoparticles (nAg, 99 ± 75 nm) and nano zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO, 27 ± 7 nm) pretreated with citric acid (CA), tartaric acid (TA), and fulvic acid (FA) to human pulmonary adenocarcinoma cells (A549 cells), a common model cell strain, was investigated. The LC50 values of CA-, FA-, and TA-nZnO (19–22 μg ml−1) were higher than those of the pristine nZnO (15 μg ml−1), and CA, FA, and TA depressed ROS levels and inhibited the apoptosis process induced by nZnO since they decreased Zn2+ release from nZnO in culture medium. The LC50 values of CA-, FA-, and TA-nAg (111–120 μg ml−1) were lower than that of the pristine nAg (185 μg ml−1), and CA, FA, and TA significantly improved the ROS levels induced by nAg by increasing the cellular uptake of nAg. Therefore, CA, FA, and TA decrease the cytotoxicity of nZnO while increasing the cytotoxicity of nAg.
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