Abstract
Concentrations of Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, K, Fe, Mn, Pb, V and Zn in transplants of Hylocomium splendens (Hedw.) Schimp. were compared with bulk deposition and dust samples from three different categories of sites: industrial, residential and their surroundings and rural (15 in total). Mosses were transplanted for 90 days to severely polluted areas of Upper Silesia, and samples of precipitation and dust were collected during the same period. Most of the significant correlations between element concentrations in mosses and bulk deposition (Cd, Ni, Pb and Zn) were found for industrial sites. In this study dry deposition carried higher element concentrations than bulk deposition, which may result in the higher passive capture of particulate matter by mosses.
Highlights
In Poland as well as in other European countries, air quality measurement is based on physical and chemical techniques
An alternative method for measuring integral trace element deposition is the use of terrestrial mosses as biomonitors
The main objective of the present study was to test the ability of H. splendens transplants to bioaccumulate atmospheric trace elements from representatives of three different habitat categories under gradient pollution: industrial, residential and their surroundings and rural groups of sites
Summary
In Poland as well as in other European countries, air quality measurement is based on physical and chemical techniques. An alternative method for measuring integral trace element deposition is the use of terrestrial mosses as biomonitors. It is possible to obtain accurate information about the contamination degree of the studied area or site. The main objective of the present study was to test the ability of H. splendens transplants to bioaccumulate atmospheric trace elements from representatives of three different habitat categories under gradient pollution: industrial, residential and their surroundings and rural groups of sites. The goal of this study was to examine how the concentration of trace elements in moss transplanted to contaminated sites was related to local bulk and dry deposition. We wanted to check what concentrations can be expected for trace elements in terrestrial moss samples and what was their background/contamination ratio in the three categories of sites. The hypotheses in this study are: (1) significant differences occur in the concentration of the elements studied in the samples of moss transplants, precipitation and dust collected from the three categories of areas (industrial, urban and rural); (2) the concentration of the analyzed elements in moss depends to a different degree on the concentration of elements in the precipitation and dust samples collected from the same research stands
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