Transnationalism and Caring for Migrant Families with Young Children

Abstract

Abstract Background Migrant families’ transnational ties may contribute to their hardships and/or may be a source of resiliency. A care approach that acknowledges these transnational ties may foster a positive identity and give coherence to experiences. We conducted an integrative review to determine if there is evidence that health and social services supporting migrant families with young children consider transnational ties during care with these families. Methods We searched 15 databases to identify relevant literature including empirical research and discussion papers reporting on a health or social program, service, intervention or care experience of migrant families during early childhood (pregnancy to age five) in a Western country (i.e., Canada, US, Europe or Australia). Information regarding if and how the intervention/service/program/care addressed transnationalism, were extracted and synthesized. Results Over 34,000 records were screened; 296 articles met inclusion criteria. Most literature was from the US. Care, programs and interventions examined included prenatal classes, doula support, maternity care, postpartum home visits, breastfeeding support, nutrition and feeding counseling, and parenting and early childcare programs. There is evidence that care-providers empathize and offer information on family reunification processes for families dealing with separation from loved ones and are open to and accommodate cultural traditions (e.g., feeding and parenting practices) originating from the home country; otherwise there is little evidence that transnational ties are addressed during care. Conclusions Significant knowledge gaps remain regarding whether and how care-providers’ take into account transnational ties, including distance care-giving of children or elderly, use of health services abroad, and receipt of advice and support from family back home, which may affect their relationships with families and/or the effectiveness of their interventions. Key messages Significant knowledge gaps remain regarding whether and how care-providers’ take into account transnational ties in early chilldhood care. More research is needed on transnationalism and the health and social care of migrant families.