Transmission of the Aegilops ovata chromosomes carrying gametocidal factors in hexaploid triticale (×Triticosecale Wittm.) hybrids.

M Kwiatek,A Ponitka,J Belter,A Ślusarkiewicz-Jarzina,H Wiśniewska,M Majka,H Pudelska

doi:10.1007/s13353-015-0332-3

M Kwiatek, A Ponitka + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1007/s13353-015-0332-3

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Abstract

The main aim of this work was to induce the chromosome rearrangements between Aegilops ovata (UUMM) and hexaploid triticale (AABBRR) by expression of the gametocidal factor located on the chromosome 4M. The Aegilops ovata × Secale cereale (UUMMRR) amphiploids and triticale ‘Moreno’ were used to produce hybrids by reciprocal crosses. Chromosome dynamics was observed in subsequent generations of hybrids during mitotic metaphase of root meristems and first metaphase of meiosis of pollen mother cells. Chromosomes were identified by genomic in situ hybridisation (GISH) and fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) using pTa71, pTa791, pSc119.2 and pAs1 DNA probes. It has been shown that the origin of the genetic background had an influence on Aegilops chromosome transmission. Moreover, it has been reported that the preferential transmission of chromosome 4M appeared during both androgenesis and gynogenesis. It is also hypothesised that the expression of the triticale Gc gene suppressor had an influence on the semi-fertility of hybrids but did not inhibit the chromosome rearrangements. This paper also describes the double haploid production, which enabled to obtain plants with two identical copies of triticale chromosomes with translocations of Aegilops chromatin segments.

Highlights

IntroductionThe breeding efforts aimed to develop a cereal adapted to dry locations, with higher protein content and a feeding quality similar to wheat
We present an evaluation of the transmission rate of Aegilops chromatin in the triticale genomic background
Analogous conclusions were formed by Tsujimoto and Tsunewaki (1985), who reported that, in the ‘John Fife’ genetic background, both male and female gametes without chromosome 3C were abortive, while in the ‘Chinese Spring’ genetic background, pollen without the Gc chromosome functioned and transmitted to the progeny, indicating the expression of an incomplete suppressor in the ‘Chinese Spring’ cytoplasm

Summary

Introduction

The breeding efforts aimed to develop a cereal adapted to dry locations, with higher protein content and a feeding quality similar to wheat. The synthetic character of this cereal resulted in narrow genetic variability. The races of pathogens and pests managed to adapt to this new cereal and begun to break its resistance or tolerance abilities (Kwiatek et al 2015a, b). To face this problem, there is a need to improve the genetic diversity of triticale by the transfer of desirable genes from wild relatives

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